מדוע לגבי ר"ה המשנה מביאה פסוק משא"כ בשאר הימים. מדוע המשנה והגמרא לא מביאין את הדרשא דלעיל ח ע"א. עוד, למה לא אומרים שבר"ה דנין לחיים ולמות דומיא דבחג נידונין על המים. ועוד כבר הקשה הט"א לר' יוסי ולר' נתן דאדם נידון בכל שעה או בכל יום מה א"כ יחוד ר"ה שודאי שהוא יום דין מיוחד לכ"ע
.
אלא שיש שני בחינות דין. האחד על המעשים עצמם אם מצוה אם עבירה ועל כל פרט ה' פורע אם בדין אם ברחמים אך לא זהו עיקר דין דר"ה דדין ר"ה עיקרו על השם צדיק או רשע של האדם דהיינו עד כמה הוא משתייך למלכות ה'. ושוב א"א פה להאריך וכדאי לעיין שם. אך היסוד דדין של ג' ספרים פתוחים וכו' הוא על שם צדיק או רשע ודין דלכ"ע בר"ה נכתבין וביו"כ נחתמין הוא על המעשים. וידוע שמהר' אלחנן שלכל מצוה ועבירה יש שני בחינות הא' מעלת המצוה עצמה שבזה רמ"ח מ"ע כנגד רמ"ח איברים וכו' ועוד בחינה של קיום הדין עבד שמציית לרצון מלכו. ועיין
.
אלא שיש שני בחינות דין. האחד על המעשים עצמם אם מצוה אם עבירה ועל כל פרט ה' פורע אם בדין אם ברחמים אך לא זהו עיקר דין דר"ה דדין ר"ה עיקרו על השם צדיק או רשע של האדם דהיינו עד כמה הוא משתייך למלכות ה'. ושוב א"א פה להאריך וכדאי לעיין שם. אך היסוד דדין של ג' ספרים פתוחים וכו' הוא על שם צדיק או רשע ודין דלכ"ע בר"ה נכתבין וביו"כ נחתמין הוא על המעשים. וידוע שמהר' אלחנן שלכל מצוה ועבירה יש שני בחינות הא' מעלת המצוה עצמה שבזה רמ"ח מ"ע כנגד רמ"ח איברים וכו' ועוד בחינה של קיום הדין עבד שמציית לרצון מלכו. ועיין
3 comments:
A friend of mine wrote this up explaining why the fifth night of chanukah cannot fall out on Shabbos
Notes:
1. Malei + Leap Year = Day this year equals day next year
K’sdran + Leap Year = 6 days later next year
Chaser + Leap Year = 5 days later next year
2. Malei = 5 days later next year
K’sdran = 4 days later next year
Chaser = 3 days later next year
3. We prefer a year to be K’sidran over Malei so we don’t push off Yom Tovim the next year.
4. The following are the number of days between Rosh Hashana and 29 Kislev:
Chaser or K’sidran = 88
Malei = 89
5. Each day is assigned a number as follows:
Sun=1, M=2, Tu=3, W=4, Th=5, F=6, Sa=7
6. Rosh Hashana can be the following: 2,3,5,7
Hoshana Raba can be the following: 1,2,4,6
Yom Kippur can NOT be 1,6
7. In a Malei year, there are 90 days between 29 Kislev this year, and Hoshana Raba the next year.
8. In a Malei Leap Year, there are 120 days between 29 Kislev and Rosh Hashana.
Cases:
Case #1: Any Chaser or K’sidran year
There are 88 days between Rosh Hashana and 29 Kislev. If 29 Kislev is Shabbat, then Rosh Hashana would have been Wednesday. ( 88 days divided by 7 leaves 4 days left over. 7,6,5,4 shows Rosh Hashana lands on Wednesday) If Rosh Hashana falls on Wednesday then 10 days later would land Yom Kippur on Friday. Since Yom Kippur can’t fall on Friday, then the 5th night of Chanukah can’t be on Shabbat.
Case#2: Regular Malei year
We noted above that in a Malei year, there are 90 days between 29 Kislev and Rosh Hashana the next year. If we divide 90 ( the total number of days) by 7 ( number of days in a week) we end up with a remainder of 6. This means that which ever day of the week 29 Kislev is this year, the rosh Hashana will be six days of the week later. If 29 Kislev is Shabbat, then Rosh Hashana would be Friday, and this would make Hoshana Raba fall on Shabbat. Since Hoshana Raba can’t fall on Shabbat, then 29 Kislev also can’t fall on Shabbat.
Case#3: Leap Year
A leap year has three possible amounts of days 383, 384, 385. If the year has 383 or 384 (K’sidran or chaser) then we apply case #1, and 29 Kislev can’t be on Shabbat. The last case is when we have a Malei leap year. Initially, this would allow us to have 29 Kislev be on Shabbat. Then Rosh Hashana would be on Tuesday ( There are 120 days between 29 Kislev and Rosh Hashana in this case). The problem lies in the fact that if we made the year K’sidran, then Rosh Hashana would fall on Monday, also an acceptable day of the week. According to Rambam, we want Rosh Hashana to fall on the earliest day possible, therefore we make the year K’Sidran, and not Malei.
there are some mistakes in the above cheshbon - i will bli neder send you the corrections
Notes:
1. Malei + Leap Year = Day this year equals day next year
K’sidran + Leap Year = 6 days later next year
Chaser + Leap Year = 5 days later next year
2. Malei = 5 days later next year
K’sdran = 4 days later next year
Chaser = 3 days later next year
3. We prefer a year to be K’sidran over Malei so we don’t push off Yom Tovim the next year.
4. The following are the number of days between Rosh Hashana and 29 Kislev:
Chaser or K’sidran = 88
Malei = 89
5. Each day is assigned a number as follows:
Sun=1, M=2, Tu=3, W=4, Th=5, F=6, Sa=7
6. Rosh Hashana can be the following: 2,3,5,7
Hoshana Raba can be the following: 1,2,4,6
Yom Kippur can NOT be 1, 6
7. In a Malei year, there are 287 days between 29 Kislev this year, and Hoshana Raba the next year.
8. In a Malei Leap Year, there are 297 days between 29 Kislev and Rosh Hashana of the next year.
Cases:
Case #1: Any Chaser or K’sidran year
There are 88 days between Rosh Hashana and 29 Kislev. If 29 Kislev is Shabbat, then Rosh Hashana would have been Wednesday. (88 days divided by 7 leaves 4 days left over. 7,6,5,4 shows Rosh Hashana lands on Wednesday) If Rosh Hashana falls on Wednesday then 10 days later would land Yom Kippur on Friday. Since Yom Kippur can’t fall on Friday, then the 5th night of Chanukah can’t be on Shabbat.
Case#2: Regular Malei year
We noted above that in a Malei year, there are 287 days between 29 Kislev and Hoshana Raba the next year. If we divide 287 (the total number of days) by 7 (number of days in a week) we end up with a remainder of 0. This means that which ever day of the week 29 Kislev is this year Hoshana Raba will fall on that day next year. Since Hoshana Raba can’t fall on Shabbat, then 29 Kislev also can’t fall on Shabbat.
Case#3: Leap Year
A leap year has three possible amounts of days 383, 384, 385. If the year has 383 or 384 (K’sidran or chaser) then we apply case #1, and 29 Kislev can’t be on Shabbat. The last case is when we have a Malei leap year with 385 days. Initially, this would allow us to have 29 Kislev be on Shabbat and Rosh Hashana of the following year would fall on a Tuesday (there are 297 days between 29 Kislev and Rosh Hashana of the following year. 297 divided by 7 leaves three days left over, which would land Rosh Hashana on Tuesday). The problem lies in the fact that if we made the year K’sidran,(384 days dived by 7 leaves 2 days left over) then Rosh Hashana would fall on Monday, also an acceptable day of the week. Rambam brings down that we always try to keep the calendar K’sidran when possible. Additionally, Rambam notes that by keeping the calendar Malei, we would be pushing off Rosh Hashana an extra day, which is not desirable.
Post a Comment